The Playpen operation became the most controversial law enforcement action in dark web history. After seizing the site, the FBI operated it for 13 days while deploying a "Network Investigative Technique" (NIT) that identified over 8,700 users worldwide.
The Operation
- FBI seized Playpen servers in December 2014
- Operated the site from FBI facility for 13 days
- Deployed NIT (malware) to all visitors
- Collected real IP addresses, MAC addresses, hostnames
- 8,700+ computers in 120+ countries identified
Legal Controversy
Unprecedented Scope
A single warrant authorized hacking computers worldwide. Defense attorneys challenged the warrant's validity, leading to some case dismissals. The operation sparked debate about government hacking powers and rule changes (Rule 41).
Results
- Nearly 900 prosecutions worldwide
- Numerous convictions in multiple countries
- Some cases dismissed due to warrant issues
- Rule 41 amended to allow remote hacking